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Altona Main Cemetery ((ドイツ語:Hauptfriedhof) or ''Friedhof Altona'') is located at Stadiongasse 5, Bahrenfeld, Altona, in north-western Hamburg, Germany and, with an area of 63 hectares, is the fourth largest burial ground in the city and surrounding area.〔After Ohlsdorf Cemetery (391 ha), Öjendorf Cemetery (98.7 ha) and Neuer Friedhof Bergedorf (69 ha).〕 It has been a protected site since the revision of the Hamburg Monument Protection Law (''Hamburger Denkmalschutzgesetz'') in 2013.〔(Denkmalliste Altona (pdf) )〕 == History == The main cemetery of Altona was planned from 1913 by Ferdinand Tutenberg, Director of Gardens of the then District of Altona. The new facility, designed as a central cemetery for the whole of Altona, was to replace the existing small church burial grounds and with its generous area of green to provide an appropriately contemporary element of town planning. Construction began in spring 1920; the first burial took place on 2 October 1923, even before the official opening on 1 November 1923. The address was given by the Mayor of Altona, Bernhard Schnackenburg, three months before his untimely death from typhus.〔Helmut Stubbe da Luz: ''Schnackenburg, Bernhard'' in ''Hamburgische Biografie'', Band 2, Christians, Hamburg 2003, pp. 374–375〕 Tutenberg's plan was based on the concept of an "architectonic landscape" which would make possible a dignified burial even for the less well-off inhabitants of the town. To explain his intentions Tutenberg wrote in 1928: "A visitor to the dead will not have the view of rows of graves stretching away into the distance but through the smaller space of the little garden... will have the opportunity for inner composure".〔''"Wer seine Toten besucht, soll nicht den Anblick weithin sich dehnender Gräberreihen haben, sondern soll durch den begrenzten Raum des Gärtchens () die Möglichkeit innerer Sammlung erlangen."'' Quoted in Barbara Leisner, Norbert Fischer: ''Der Friedhofsführer''. Hamburg: Christians Verlag, 1994 ISBN 3-7672-1215-3〕 Thus a geometric and axial network of paths was laid out, the central axis of which was formed by the broad central avenue, now terminating in a monument honouring the fallen of World War II. To the west of this axis are alternating areas of park and woodland, and to the east the area for urn burials, laid out in concentric circles. Most burials are marked by grave steles, whereby the desired homogeneity of appearance is attained. In the wooded section however there are also some elaborate burial walls or crosses. The site has a chapel and two nurseries for the cemetery gardener. The chapel was extended by Gustav Oelsner in 1926-27 by the addition of the rectangular arcade. A crematorium was originally planned, but was never built. Up to 2012 more than 100,000 burials had taken place in the cemetery.〔(''Elbe Wochenblatt'', 21 February 2012 ). Viewed 24 September 2014〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Altona Main Cemetery」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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